A woman raising a child on her own can count on social support from the state. She should confirm her status. It is Form 25 that makes it possible to receive all the benefits and allowances due.
This issue is regulated by various legal acts. Federal legislation includes the following:
To support single mothers, the state has developed a number of measures. These include not only compensation in monetary terms, but also benefits provided, for example, in labor relations and healthcare.
Legally, this status is received by a woman whose child has no data in the certificate in the column where information about the father is indicated. The certificate is issued at the registry office, where the issue of status is resolved and the corresponding certificate is issued.
Grounds for assigning status
There are criteria that determine status.
- The mother gave birth to a child out of wedlock, and the father refused to register the baby in his name. This often happens if the couple does not officially marry.
- The mother gave birth in marriage, but the husband challenged the fact of paternity in court or wrote a denial.
- The ex-wife gave birth within three hundred days after the divorce, but there is a court decision with a medical study to challenge paternity.
- When adopting or adopting, if the woman is not married.
Not all mothers are eligible to receive single status. Thus, a woman who is divorced, whose husband is a persistent non-payer of alimony and is unknown where he is, is not considered as such. In this case, the spouse fails to fulfill his duties.
If a mother gives birth within three hundred days after her marriage breaks down, then the ex-husband is considered the father. However, he can renounce this fact in court if he can prove that he is not biologically related to the heir. The same applies to the death of a husband or deprivation of his rights as a parent.
It also happens that the ex-husband is not essentially the father, but since the mother gave birth within the established period, he is included as such. He has the right to file a statement of claim in court to challenge this. If by this time the woman has a common-law spouse, he has the right to write an application to the registry office in order to legally become the father of the child. But the ex-husband has the right to challenge this too.
Benefits and benefits for a single mother
Currently, women have the right to claim the following cash payments:
- At the birth of a child – 16873.54 rubles.
- Up to one and a half years - 40% of salary, paid every month.
- When registering in early pregnancy – 632.76 rubles.
- When taking sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth – 100% of the salary.
These payments are due to all women, regardless of their place of residence in Russia and their financial situation. But in the regions, authorities have the right to issue additional benefits. Most of them are paid to large families (full or partial).
The most effective support today is in the form of maternity capital. It is issued only for certain purposes, and the amount is 453,026 rubles. A certificate for receiving maternity capital is issued to mothers who have given birth or adopted two or more babies. To do this, you should contact the Pension Fund in person at your place of registration and submit the following package:
- a copy of the baby’s arrival in the family;
- a certificate in form 25 or about the recording of the father from the words of the mother;
- paper on family composition;
- a document stating that there are no rent arrears.
According to labor legislation, a single mother has the following benefits:
- priority placement for work;
- the possibility of switching to part-time work or a week at work until the child reaches 14 years of age;
- the right to refuse to work beyond the established hours or at night until the child is 5 years old;
- full payment of sick leave up to the age of seven, but not more than half a month in one year;
- maintaining a job even if the number of employees is reduced.
Regarding the tax burden, a woman does not need to pay property tax. In addition, she receives an increased deduction - 2800 for children separately. Social benefits include the following:
- a set of linen for newborns, issued free of charge;
- dairy products for children under two years of age are also free of charge;
- enrollment in kindergarten is a priority;
- 50% discount for being in a preschool educational institution;
- 30% discount for various trainings;
- literature at school and lunches without paying a fee;
- vouchers to a children's summer camp without paying a fee;
- other concessions.
Help on Form 25
A certificate from the registry office in form 25 confirms the status of a single mother. However, in order to receive it, you must provide a whole package of papers to the social security authorities. These include:
- identification;
- document confirming the birth of a child;
- paper on family composition;
- copy of the work document;
- extract from the house register;
- document confirming income.
To obtain a certificate you must provide original documents
Certificate 25 is needed to apply for benefits and compensation in an increased amount. In addition to money, labor and tax benefits, a single mother has the right to rely on reduced payment for housing and communal services, and also have a priority right to housing.
Obtaining a document is possible when registering a child at the registry office. This step must be done within the first two months of his life. In this case, benefits will not be paid for the past period. Therefore, it is in a woman’s interest to get it as early as possible.
The government agency where this document can be issued is the Civil Registry Office. Sent directly to the department at the place of registration. You should write a statement there. In order to make changes, you must pay a state fee.
Drawing up an application
When sent to the social welfare department, you will need to submit an application on the spot, which is filled out in strict accordance with the current procedure. It should display the following data.
- The government authority to which the applicant applies.
- His name and address.
- Document's name.
- A descriptive part that sets out the request for assignment of the appropriate status.
- List of attached papers.
- Date and signature.
Conclusion
Consequently, along with receiving the document, the woman will receive support from the state. It is expressed not only in money, but also in all sorts of benefits for mothers who are forced to raise the new generation themselves.
They contact the civil registry office at their place of residence with a certain package of documents. Papers are presented only in the original.
In the Russian Federation, you can find a single woman everywhere who is raising a natural or adopted child alone. The social phenomenon has become quite widespread that it no longer causes surprise as in ancient times. Women decide to raise a child on their own for various reasons, which are strictly individual.
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Basic moments
Not every single mother is able to provide her child with everything necessary, so the state supports them.
It provides them with certain benefits, single mothers, which become a good help in the family budget.
A single woman without the participation of a man raising a child is issued a certificate with a unified form.
It officially confirms her status as a “single mother”, which is assigned under certain conditions in accordance with the standards of legislative acts.
Single mothers are provided with benefits by the state:
| Indicators | Description |
| Social | allowing a woman and her children to receive free medications until the child is three years old, dairy products until the child is two years old, a kit for a newborn child, for the purchase of baby food, placement of the child in a preschool institution and educational institutions out of turn, provision in school canteens children two meals a day |
| Labor | in accordance with labor law standards, she is not subject to leaving work until the woman’s child is 14 years old. She has the right to a part-time work schedule, additional without pay, and cannot be involved in overtime work on the night shift or on weekends and holidays |
| Tax | allowing you to receive until the child reaches 18 years of age in the amount of 2,800 rubles per child in accordance with the instructions of the Tax Code. The amount of the deduction increases if the child is recognized by a medical and social examination |
In addition to the benefits listed above, every single mother receives subsidies from the state for the maintenance of a child if the average per capita in her family is less than the subsistence level.
In some cases, a single mother is assigned social assistance in the form of compensation for a certain portion of utility bills, including garbage collection.
The state helps a single mother improve her living conditions by registering her out of turn on the list of persons to receive municipal housing for social rent.
A single mother has the right to participate on an equal basis with citizens from two-parent families in the project, in the “Housing for Young Families” program.
She can use the money provided by the state for the birth of her second child as a down payment.
What it is
The idiomatic expression “single mother” means a woman who has a child outside of an official marriage or someone else’s child as her own, being officially unmarried.
The employer must create working conditions for her that allow her to be with the child most of the time. For example, if necessary, he must apply for a part-time job.
Before obtaining the status of a single mother, you should clarify all the nuances regarding documents and. Every mother who is not legally married is entitled to support payments and status.
To confirm a legal fact, a woman must apply to the registry office with a special certificate. The child’s personal data is entered into the certificate, and it becomes the decisive point in the decision of the authorized body.
A single mother is a woman who cares for or raises a minor on her own. There is no mention of the father on the child's birth certificate.
Such citizens are entitled to payments:
- Social benefit.
- Preferential positions for children.
- Preferential positions for services for mothers.
At the state level, children who do not have father support receive assistance to ensure their livelihoods. But the right of maternity must be confirmed.
The following facts must be confirmed:
- The minor was born before marriage or after marriage one year later.
- There is no official father - neither biological nor adoptive parent.
- The child's birth certificate does not contain information about the father.
Who is allowed to receive
A single mother is a woman who cares for or raises a minor on her own. There is no mention of the father on the child's birth certificate. If the child has a father, then the woman goes to court to obtain alimony; the child has no other benefit. Obtaining the status of a single mother is permitted to a guardian if the citizen has undertaken an obligation to provide guardianship.
Payments by the state to children without a father are regulated by legislative acts, and payments are made individually to each child. At the state level, children who do not have father support receive assistance to ensure their livelihoods. But you should confirm your right to motherhood.
Documentation is submitted to the social protection authority and consultation is requested. After the information has been accepted, a decision is made to begin enrollment of the woman. A single mother receives documentary confirmation, according to which she is subsequently awarded benefits and social benefits.
Grounds for obtaining single mother status
Single mother status is assigned under the following conditions:
- A minor must be born before marriage or after marriage one year later.
- The woman challenged paternity in court.
- Obtaining the status of a single mother is permitted to a guardian if the citizen has undertaken an obligation to provide guardianship.
After an official breakup, a woman does not receive this status. The birth certificate must indicate that there is a father. You can request alimony.
To apply, you should:
- To confirm a legal fact, a woman must apply to the registry office with a special certificate.
- Submit a number of documents.
- Fill out a template application.
There is no need to pay state duty.
Statement
Documents are submitted to the social security authority to fill out a certificate. And you need to write a statement:
- With the name of the organization.
- Personal details of the woman.
- Signing the application.
- Application for status.
- Additions.
The application must be completed in writing with truthful information.
You also need to submit a number of documents in addition to the application:
- Children's personal data - copy and original.
- Woman's passport details.
- Operating status information.
- Certificate from the registry office.
- Property information.
- Information about financial condition.
Only the above-mentioned documents for social protection help in recognizing a citizen as a single mother. In most cases, women undergo the procedure after the child is born; the citizen immediately learns about the nuances of obtaining benefits and obtaining status.
After registration, the status is immediately assigned. But if any error is found in the authorized body, then it takes time to resubmit.
What preferential positions are given to citizens?
This year, a single mother can receive preferential positions in addition to social benefits.
The child is given privileges in various aspects, which help to arrange a decent life. Every aspect of services to people is affected.
Financial opportunities
There are no separate payments to mothers with fixed payments. But the mother receives dividends:
- After the baby is born.
- Raising a child up to 1.5 years old.
- Registering with the antenatal clinic.
- After becoming the child's guardian.
Social
When a citizen is recognized as a single mother, the child is registered in a preschool institution without a waiting list. The school provides free breakfast and lunch, as well as books.
Children are treated free of charge in medical institutions, medicines are purchased and given free of charge. A subsidy is issued for utility services. Persons pay half of the amount, which is issued separately after submitting the documentation.
Labor
Women are given preferential treatment in relation to labor law. A woman can take paid leave at any time; she is not required to work on holidays. Dismissal is carried out only under two articles, if the company ceases to operate or after the citizen has seriously violated discipline. Sick leave for child care is also paid and increased.
Today, a woman whose child was born out of wedlock cannot be called an outcast: this is her personal choice. Society reacts to this situation very tolerantly, if we compare the very recent past. As for the legislation, it clearly reveals the state’s attitude towards single-parent families. Which families are considered such? Where to apply for single mother status? Under what circumstances does its loss occur? These and other equally serious questions can be answered by reading the materials in this article.
Single mother: who is considered one?
Let's consider in what cases a woman can receive the status of a single mother. Today, one can often observe a situation where a woman independently raises her own child after a divorce or the death of her spouse. Is she considered a single mother? It is important to note that in Russian family legislation there is neither a definition of “single mother” nor a definition of “single mother”, but it is present in many other acts of a legal and subordinate nature, as well as in decrees of federal formations.
So, let's take a closer look at the concept of a single mother. Who is considered her? Based on legislative acts and regulations, we can conclude that a single mother is none other than a woman who gave birth to a child without marriage. In addition, the birth certificate of children should not contain any indication of paternity. By the way, the father can also be named from the words of the mother (). It must be added that the status in question can also be granted in the following situations:
- A mother who gave birth to a child three hundred or more days after the divorce procedure.
- In case of challenging the paternity of a child born in marriage, or less than three hundred days before the divorce procedure.
Form 25 confirming single mother status, assumes that in other cases the status in question is not confirmed. These may include divorce, the death of a husband, or deprivation of his parental rights. However, this does not at all mean that the state abandons such women to their fate. They have a different status. That is why state support in the presented cases is implemented in slightly different areas and legal standards (alimony, benefits).
“Single Mother” status: how to get it?
In order to obtain single mother status, you must contact the territorial social protection authorities. This is where you can get the appropriate certificate. In addition to the application for granting status, the following should be provided to the structure:
- Identity document (passport).
- Child's birth certificate.
- Extract from personal account and house register.
- Work book for those who are not registered with the employment center.
- The following types of certificates: ; income certificate; a certificate from the employment center when a woman is listed as unemployed; certificate of family composition.
In addition, everything in the smallest detail must be clarified by the state social welfare service. Not all women need to obtain a certificate, since in any case the documentation listed above is sufficient to assign benefits. ? Single mothers, as a rule, receive maternity and pregnancy benefits, as well as child care benefits up to 1.5 years (the same as all other women). Of course, they are also supplemented by local payments.
Status "Single mother"
So, what does the status of “Single Mother” give? How to get it? First of all, you need to understand that this status can be acquired under the following circumstances:
- In case of adoption of a child out of wedlock.
- Absence of the child's official father. In other words, the man did not submit an application to the registry office, and also did not determine paternity through the courts.
- Exception of defects (to confirm this condition it is necessary certificate of absence of marriage).
- Exclusion of the entry about the father in the baby’s birth certificate (a dash in this place) or the entry of the father according to the mother.
In the process of obtaining a birth certificate, the mother must immediately obtain a certificate of a certain type from the Civil Registry Office. This is nothing more than . It is important to note that when the mother applies for confirmation of status, only after some time the employees of the registry office archive undertake to collect the necessary documentation and issue a certificate. By the way, in most regions this service is paid.
Today people are often interested in how to obtain status and how the status of a single mother is confirmed. It must be kept in mind that these concepts are equivalent. Thus, a certificate from the registry office guarantees both receipt and confirmation.
Required Documentation
What should single mothers do?? To receive monthly child benefits (in the case of an average per capita income below the subsistence level in Russia), a single mother must register with the state social protection structure in accordance with her place of registration. To do this, she needs to provide the following documentation:
- A certificate confirming the fact of the birth of the baby.
- A certificate issued in accordance with Form Twenty-five from the Civil Registry Office.
- Certificate regarding the cohabitation of the baby with the mother.
- Certificate of average per capita income.
- A copy of your passport.
- Work book (required only for registering benefits at the regional level).
It is important to note that the registration of double benefits for a child under sixteen years of age is carried out in accordance with the procedure established by law (for example,). It is necessary to add that the main legislative act in this case is the Federal Law “On benefits for persons with children from the state.”
Difficulties in confirming the status of a single mother
After considering the question of what does single mother status give?, it would be advisable to outline the difficulties that may arise when confirming the status in question. Among them are the following points:
- Misunderstanding of the meaning of this status, because widows do not qualify for it; divorced women; women whose children have a father identified by court.
- Difficulties with state structures of social protection of the population in accordance with the actual place of residence, because they do not have the right to assign benefits for children, because the place of registration does not correspond to their area.
- Citizens who want to receive from the state often encounter difficulties in the process of obtaining a certificate regarding cohabitation with a child (in different regions, the powers associated with issuing such a certificate are subject to division between different institutions - schools and departments, the department of social protection of the population, the department guardianship and trusteeship, as well as the passport office). It should be added that the necessary information can be provided by employees of the state social protection service, where benefits are processed.
Legal and factual recognition
Single mother... In Russia a couple of decades ago, such a concept sounded almost like a sentence. Thus, a woman who decided to give birth to a child out of wedlock was considered dishonest and immoral. Fortunately or unfortunately, those days are behind us, and single mothers have earned respect in society. In addition, today the state provides.
However, absolutely any social status in the Russian Federation must be endowed with not only visible (factual) grounds - it must be confirmed in an official manner. In other words, not every woman who raises a child or children on her own is considered a single mother at the legislative level. It would be advisable to consider this issue in more detail.
Single mother by law
A single mother (less often a single father) belongs to a socially unprotected category of people who, in one way or another, enjoy support and privileges from the state. At the legislative level, this category includes:
- Women who gave birth to a child out of wedlock and do not have official confirmation of paternity. It is important to add that only those cases are considered when in the column of the baby’s birth certificate called “father” there is a mark “taken into account from the words of the mother” or a dash.
- Women who gave birth to a child within three hundred days from the date of divorce. They have no confirmation of paternity.
- Women who adopted a child out of wedlock.
- Women who gave birth to a child during marriage or before the expiration of three hundred days after the divorce procedure. They do not have confirmation of paternity (the corresponding fact is officially disputed by the father).
It is necessary to add that in all the situations listed above, the status of “Single mother” is acquired automatically, and the woman directly is given the right to receive subsidies and benefits from the state, which are issued exclusively by personal application to the department of social protection of the population.
Cases to which the law does not apply
Today, society often does not distinguish between the legal categories of “single mother” and the actual (but not protected by law) “single” raising of a child or several children. Below are a number of cases where the definition discussed in the article is excluded:
- Women who gave birth to a child out of wedlock, however, have actual confirmation of paternity (that is, the father officially recognized the child or this fact was proven through an appeal to the judicial authorities).
- Women who are divorced and raising children on their own. In such circumstances, the ex-spouse undertakes to pay alimony for each of the children on a monthly basis. If the ex-husband dies, the state provides the family with benefits associated with the loss of a breadwinner.
- Loss of single mother status is relevant when getting married after the birth of a child. In this case, the woman must have in her hands an appropriate document confirming paternity on the part of the new spouse (that is, establishment of paternity voluntarily on the part of the non-biological father).
- Widows who are raising children are not classified as single mothers. They are entitled to receive a monthly survivor benefit for each child.
It is important to note that, being a single mother and having entered into a legal marriage, but without establishing the fact of recognition of paternity by the newly-made spouse, the woman continues to enjoy the status of “single mother”, which, by the way, does not apply to subsequent children.
Let's set priorities
Every woman who falls into the category under consideration, in any case, faces the question of the information that must be provided to the registry office. What decision to make: put a dash (mark the absolute absence of the father) or write down a certain full name? It would be advisable to consider all the advantages and disadvantages of each of the presented positions, as well as the corresponding consequences, both positive and negative.
Earlier it turned out that every woman who decided to independently raise her baby and take full responsibility for him on her shoulders has the right to put a dash in the column about the father’s data. So, even if the father is alive and well, but for obvious reasons the mother does not want to allow even the slightest presence of him not only in her life, but also in the life of the baby, no one will ever be able to force her to record the name of the child’s biological father in official documentation.
However, when going for this, a woman should think not only about herself. The fact is that her child (even if born out of wedlock and not recognized as the biological father at the moment) after one or another period of time may become a contender for an inheritance, which will one way or another become available immediately after the death of the father. Genetic testing can serve as proof of relationship. If you put a dash in the appropriate box, it will be much more difficult for the child to defend his own interests, and if you look at the problems from a practical point of view, it will be completely impossible.
Second possible option
What does the second case suggest, which consists in recording specific information about the father (last name, first name, patronymic) from the words of the mother? It is necessary to make a reservation right away that the woman should not expect any alimony payments, benefits or other compensation from the father indicated in the documentation, because she has no grounds for this. All of the above can be claimed only after judicial proof (recognition) of paternity. Thus, this confirmation serves as a tool for transferring women from the legal category of “single mothers” to the actual one. In other words, a single mother has the right to indicate absolutely any father on the baby’s birth certificate, but neither she nor the child has the right to use this paternity until judicial proof of biological kinship has been made.
It is no secret to anyone how significant the power of various bureaucratic subtleties and the delays generated by them is in Russia today. This is exactly what happens in the case of a certain (very possibly even fictitious) father. In the life of a child, and later a fairly independent teenager, nuances may arise when there is a need for permission from both parents. For example, a mother raising a child on her own does not have the right to leave the country with him without the father’s permission, formalized and confirmed officially. Or a not entirely pleasant, but quite strong example: the intervention of doctors in the health of a baby in particularly serious situations one way or another requires the notarized consent of both the mother and the father. It is very difficult to imagine how much worry, hassle and nervous fuss a single note recorded in the documentation can entail. That is why civil registry office employees, who periodically encounter such phenomena, often recommend that single mothers immediately put a dash in the appropriate column. The decision, of course, remains with the single mother. And perhaps the only compelling argument is the impossibility of defending one’s own right to inheritance for a child without an entry in the “father” column.
From the above it follows that today millions of women in the Russian Federation are forced to take on several family and social roles at once. Whether this is good or bad, each person decides for himself. However, one way or another, in case of a positive decision or forced circumstances, it is necessary to know all the rules and nuances of the procedure in order to avoid problems.